Amauri, who got his first-ever Selecao call-up, was not included in Carlos Dunga's roster initially, but made the squad after Sevilla striker Luis Fabiano pulled out due to injury.
However, Juve are aiming to take advantage of Brazil's late approach, which is beyond FIFA's deadline for selecting overseas players.
"The club has decided not to accept the request of the Brazilian federation," Juve president Giovanni Cobolli Gigli told Sky.
"We need to stay concentrated on the job in hand, now more than ever."
The Brazilian-born Amauri is awaiting an Italian passport, after which he was expected to become an Azzurri player.
However, Brazil boss Dunga snapped up the 28-year-old, who was not yet decided about his international future, but said he would not turn down a call-up from either side.
On the other hand, Juve were condemned to a shocking 3-2 home defeat to Cagliari in the Serie A on Saturday.