Egyptian international striker Ahmed Abdul-Ghani put the hosts in front after 18 minutes to take his tally to four goals in as many games.
Mansoura's Abdul-Aziz Hassan cancelled out his effort three minutes after the restart after capitalizing on a blunder by Hodoud's stand-in keeper Modiri Marumo
Hodoud's hopes of claiming all three points were dealt a blow when defender Ahmed Assem received a straight red card on 56 minutes.
However, they managed to snatch a precious win when Ahmed Eid's low shot from inside the area found the net five minutes past the hour mark.
Hodoud's victory will boost the players' morale after a disappointing exit from the African Confederation Cup.
The military club failed to reach the semi final of Africa's secondary competition after finishing bottom of the four-team Group B.
They moved into sixth place in the league table with eight points. They can go level on points with leaders Ahli if they win their two games in hand.
ENPPI, who unlike Hodoud booked a last-four berth in the Confederation Cup, were held to a goalless draw by Police Union.
Ittihad's misery were widened following a 2-1 defeat away to promoted Gouna.
The Alexandria-based club are rooted to the bottom of the table with five defeats from six games.