The 22-year-old, who was just assigned captain this summer, received his fifth red card in his career in Saturday's 1-1 draw at the JJB.
Consequently, Bruce admitted he might be looking to sanction the tenacious midfielder in the near future.
"I made a big decision in the summer to give him [the captaincy] and I will review that, I'll take my time and see," said the Black Cats boss.
"The responsibility might be a little bit too much, but I will have that conversation with him and think about it over the next week or so.
"He wants to do well and started off brightly but it was obviously a silly challenge he made when you've already had the yellow card.
"He made four or five wonderful challenges in the first 20 minutes and that's him, he is competitive and wants to try and win the ball.
"But in this day and age he has to learn from this otherwise he's going to be in serious trouble and half his career will disappear with suspensions.
"He's got to learn from this and at the moment he isn't and that's the frustrating thing for me."
Cattermole's sending off prompted Bruce to make a tactical change by replacing Egypt wing-back Ahmed Elmohamady with midfielder Christian Riveros in the first half.