Torres suffered a groin strain during Liverpool's 2-1 defeat at home to promoted Blackpool in the English Premier League on Sunday.
He was consequently omitted from Spain's squad, paving the way for Aduriz to take his place.
Aduriz, who scored three goals in the first six league games to help Valencia go top, can now make his senior debut with the world champions.
Spain will also miss Barcelona's Pedro Rodriguez and Sevilla's Jesus Navas after they picked up injuries playing for their clubs over the weekend.
They are already without Barcelona midfielder Xavi, Arsenal's Cesc Fabregas and Real Madrid's Raul Albiol because of injury.
Spain, who won EURO 2008, are third in Group I with three points, one behind leaders Scotland who played a game more.