Al-Ashri announced his sudden decision following Hodoud's 1-0 victory over promoted Wadi Degla in the Egyptian Premier League on Thursday.
"I officially submitted my resignation," Al-Ashri said in a telephone interview with Modern Sport.
"We froze the players' dues due to the recent poor run but I promised them that they would have their bonuses doubled if they beat Wadi Degla.
"They defeated Wadi Degla but Hodoud's board of directors let me down by declining to fulfill its promise of doubling the bonus for league victories.
"I promised the players to reward them and I find myself now unable to do that. This is the reason for my resignation."
Al-Ashri is credited with turning around the fortunes of Hodoud, who used to be a modest team prior to his arrival in 2006.
The military club won the Egyptian Cup in 2009 and 2010 at the expense of ENPPI and Ahli respectively under the guidance of Al-Ashri.
They also clinched the Super Cup title last year after overcoming Cairo giants Ahli.
"I wish luck for whoever succeeds me at the helm," Al-Ashri added in a dejected tone.
Hodoud are nowhere near their best this season, having lost the Super Cup to Ahli, who avenged last year's loss, before exiting the African Confederation Cup after failing to record any win in the group stage.
They lie ninth in the league table with 12 points but still have three games in hand.